Gold Mine Production by Country
World gold mine production was about 3,300 tonnes (106 million oz) in 2025, a USGS estimate, up 0.6% from 3,280 t in 2024. China mined the most (380 t, 11.5% of the world), followed by Russia 310 t and Australia 280 t. The United States produced 160 t (5th). Known reserves of 66,000 t would last about 20 years at that rate.
Mine production by country, 2025 (estimates)
tonnesProduction by Country, 2020–2025
Tonnes of gold mined; share of the world in 2025, reserves and how long they would last.
| Country | 2025e | Share | Reserves |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. China | 380 | 11.5% | 3,200 |
| 2. Russia | 310 | 9.4% | 12,000 |
| 3. Australia | 280 | 8.5% | 13,000 |
| 4. Canada | 200 | 6.1% | 3,200 |
| 5. United States | 160 | 4.8% | 3,000 |
| 6. Ghana | 150 | 4.5% | 1,000 |
| 7. Mexico | 140 | 4.2% | 1,400 |
| 8. Kazakhstan | 130 | 3.9% | 2,300 |
| 9. Uzbekistan | 130 | 3.9% | 2,200 |
| 10. Peru | 110 | 3.3% | 2,200 |
| 11. Indonesia | 90 | 2.7% | 3,600 |
| 12. South Africa | 90 | 2.7% | 5,000 |
| 13. Brazil | 80 | 2.4% | 2,500 |
| Argentina | — | — | — |
| Burkina Faso | — | — | — |
| Colombia | — | — | — |
| Papua New Guinea | — | — | — |
| Sudan | — | — | — |
| Tanzania | — | — | — |
| Mali | — | — | — |
| Other countries | 1,000 | 30.3% | 11,000 |
| World | 3,300 | 100% | 66,000 |
World Output Year by Year
| Year | World (t) | Million oz | Change | Value (our est.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025e | 3,300 | 106.1 | +0.6% | $368 billion |
| 2024 | 3,280 | 105.5 | +0.9% | $254 billion |
| 2023 | 3,250 | 104.5 | +6.2% | $204 billion |
| 2022 | 3,060 | 98.4 | −1.0% | $178 billion |
| 2021 | 3,090 | 99.3 | +2.0% | $179 billion |
| 2020 | 3,030 | 97.4 | — | $173 billion |
Gold in the United States
USGS salient statistics, tonnes unless shown.
| 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mine production | 187 | 173 | 170 | 163 | 160 |
| Refinery output from ores | 181 | 181 | 177 | 180 | 170 |
| Refinery output from scrap | 92 | 93 | 96 | 89 | 90 |
| Imports | 192 | 138 | 215 | 190 | 320 |
| Exports | 386 | 420 | 252 | 289 | 260 |
| Consumption (reported) | 265 | 252 | 253 | 210 | 150 |
| Treasury gold stocks, year-end | 8,130 | 8,130 | 8,130 | 8,130 | 8,130 |
| Average price ($/oz) | 1,801 | 1,802 | 1,945 | 2,388 | 3,300 |
| Net import reliance (%) | E | E | E | E | s |
Gold Production: FAQ
Which country produces the most gold?
China, with about 380 tonnes in 2025 (11.5% of world mine output), according to the US Geological Survey. Next were Russia 310 t and Australia 280 t.
How much gold is mined each year?
About 3,300 tonnes in 2025 (106 million oz), the USGS estimate. Since 2020 world output has ranged from 3,030 to 3,300 tonnes a year. At the 2025 average price that is worth about $368 billion.
How much gold is left in the ground?
The USGS puts world gold reserves at about 66,000 tonnes, roughly 20 years of mining at the 2025 rate. Reserves are only the deposits that can be mined profitably today with known methods; they grow when prices rise or new deposits are proven, so this is not a countdown to running out.
How much gold does the United States produce?
About 160 tonnes of mine production in 2025, 5th in the world. Most US gold is mined in Nevada and Alaska.
Where do these figures come from?
From the US Geological Survey's Mineral Commodity Summaries, published each year in late January or early February. Each edition gives the latest year as an estimate and revises the year before, so we use the newest edition for every year. Smaller producers are grouped as "other countries", and the list of named countries changes between editions. Shares, changes, reserve life and dollar values are our calculations.
Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries 2022–2026 and their data releases (public domain). Each year is taken from the newest edition that covers it: 2020 from MCS 2022, 2021 from MCS 2023, 2022 from MCS 2024, 2023 from MCS 2025, 2024 from MCS 2026, 2025 from MCS 2026. Shares, changes, years of reserves and dollar values are Corgano's calculations; prices are yearly averages of COMEX front-month gold futures closes.
See also: US Mint gold coin sales · Swiss gold imports by country · China gold reserves · gold prospecting rules · silver production by country.
Cite this page
For essays, articles and research. Prices on this page update daily, so the citations include today's date as the date you accessed it.
@misc{corgano2026goldmineproductionby, author = {{Corgano}}, title = {Gold Mine Production by Country}, howpublished = {\url{https://goldprice.corgano.com/gold-production-by-country}}, year = {2026}, note = {Corgano Gold Price, accessed 2026-10-26}}